Eternity: Definition and Meaning

January 27, 2007

The term “eternity” is casually tossed around in a lot of cases. The human mind cannot begin to grasp what eternity really means since eternity is really the infinity of God in reference to time. While eternity may not have a specific reference to time in and of itself, that is how the human mind tries to grasp the concept. Eternity in one sense refers to the endless existence of God prior to creation and His endless existence after the final judgment. For God to be eternal is to say that He never had a beginning and that He will never have an end. It is a necessary corollary with God’s self-existence or Aseity. There is a sense in which the soul should view the grandeur of the glory of God’s eternity with nothing but sheer awe and reverence.

Deuteronomy 33:27 – “The eternal God is a dwelling place, And underneath are the everlasting arms; And He drove out the enemy from before you, And said, ‘Destroy!'”

Isaiah 9:6 – “For a child will be born to us, a son will be given to us; And the government will rest on His shoulders; And His name will be called Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Eternal Father, Prince of Peace.”

Isaiah 43:13 – “Even from eternity I am He, And there is none who can deliver out of My hand; I act and who can reverse it?”

Matthew 18:8 – “If your hand or your foot causes you to stumble, cut it off and throw it from you; it is better for you to enter life crippled or lame, than to have two hands or two feet and be cast into the eternal fire.”

Matthew 19:16 – “And someone came to Him and said, “Teacher, what good thing shall I do that I may obtain eternal life?”

Ephesians 3:11 – “This was in accordance with the eternal purpose which He carried out in Christ Jesus our Lord.”

In terms of theology, the Bible (and the theology that flows from it) does not make sense without the eternity of God. The very definition of God depends on His eternity since He has planned all things from eternity. The very concept of heaven and hell being either eternally a place of joy or of punishment depends on God’s being eternal. The very concept of God decreeing all things from eternity or having a Divine plan or planning to send Christ from all eternity depend on God’s being eternal. This attribute is, once again, a basic concept that belongs to God and to no other being at all. It is part of the divinity of God.

This God must be approached with a reverential fear. He is from eternity and has planned all things from eternity. Man should seek His wisdom in all things and seek His counsel in all things. Since God is eternal He knows the future as well as the past. No one can add knowledge to Him or inform God of anything. When anything happens on earth or in the universe, God does not gain knowledge or information from that at all. Because He has planned all things from eternity, things happen because He knows them. The eternity of God is not just a bare concept that men may admire because it is far above them, but it is an attribute of God that is part of His whole being. Infinity shows that there are no boundaries to God, but eternity forces us to look at the infinity of God in reference to something man calls time. In one sense eternity is not living forever, it is just living without the influence of time. It is a perfect state of being in which, shall we picture it, God fills all time and yet stretches infinitely in all directions from time as well.

The eternity of God is important for all of the attributes of God which we will get into later. If man is to be saved by love and grace and then go to heaven to enjoy those for eternity, it is necessary for God to be eternal in all of His being. Our souls can (as a picture) expand more than our brains. The brain cannot wrap around or begin to conceive of eternity, but the soul can admire with joy and pleasure the glory of God that shines through His eternal nature. What a great and glorious God who has been from all eternity and will be forever and forever. From eternity past He has planned all things that would ever happen. He has planned all things to happen for His own glory. Nothing can take place in what we conceive of as time unless it had been planned from all eternity. Nothing takes Him by surprise and that includes the conception and birth of human beings. We were planned from eternity.

Beatitudes 13: The Meek 3

January 25, 2007

“Blessed are the gentle, for they shall inherit the earth” (Matthew 5:5)

The past two weeks we have been looking at meekness which is an aspect of love for those that abuse us. Meekness flows from love for the people that speak against us and perhaps even do bodily harm. It comes from the character of Christ being worked in His people. It is from Christ because this is not the natural man’s response which is always a protection of his own perceived honor and selfish approach to life. Christ endured reproach, physical beatings and the crucifixion with sorrow, concern, and even love for those who executed Him. That is a true Divine power and something that is beyond any natural man apart from the indwelling Christ.

This week we will be looking at God as the basis and source for meekness. If people are like me, they see the impossibility of meekness as coming from themselves and know that it must come from another source. As all true love and actions that flow from it are beyond the ability of the natural person in all ways and the saved person apart from the work of the Spirit, so meekness appears to be even harder than other acts of love. In reality it is the heart of love for God’s glory in fallen humanity and is expressed when fallen humanity is at its worst.

Meekness is founded securely in the character of God and specifically on the self-existence of God. God loves because He is love within Himself and no other cause or reason. Another way to say that is that He loves from within Himself. Believers should grow to the point where they are free from a controlling self-love and so are able to love because God is love and not because of how other human beings treat them. The self-existence of God teaches us that all that God does is from Himself since He needs nothing other than Himself to exist or act. So for God to love all that is needed is for God to choose to express Himself since He is love. What man needs to love is to share in the love of God for Himself so that man’s love is moved from and by God rather than other things.

We need to think this through for a few moments. People think of love as niceness and doing good things to other people. Some people think of love as the good feeling one gets when something nice is done for others. Others think of love as simply actions that benefit other people. But those types of things are usually caused or motivated by things within the selfish nature of man. If I don’t want to see someone suffer, I might help them just because I don’t want to see them suffer. I might help people to soothe my conscience and so I won’t feel bad. On the other hand, I might help them in order to feel good about myself. In all of those situations I am doing things that benefit others but I am really doing them for myself in terms of the motives. That is not love but in reality is self-love.

If a man operates or works according to self-love, then when other people do things that are harmful or hurtful to him then the desire to do good to the person doing the harmful or hurtful things is gone. But love is something different than that and meekness which flows from love is far different than that. Love is taking joy and even pleasure in the true good of others even when it is hurtful to self. Meekness is love expressed when harm and hurt are done. But this love has its source in God and so is able to be expressed because the nature of love is from God and God needs no cause outside of Himself to love. God does not need good in others to show love, so those who share in His love are able to show love even when harm and hurt are done to them. This is what we learn when we see the meekness of Stephen and Jesus. The harm and hurt done to them produced a real love and so they were and are seen as meek.

Meekness is found in those who live before God and have the life of God in them. It is found in one who understands that all things ultimately come from a sovereign God. In fact, it is a response to a sovereign God from the life of God in the soul. As with all things, meekness comes from a biblical view of God. All that man does is a response to what man thinks of God and His sovereignty. If a person knows that all things that happen to him or her will be turned for good by the sovereign hand of God, then the harm and hurt that another does will be viewed differently than if one did not believe that truth.

We must also understand and fight to see past the present world of the senses to know that God is in control of all things and to be content with what God brings to pass. We see an example of this in Eli as given I Sam 3:18. “So Samuel told him everything and hid nothing from him. And he said, “It is the LORD; let Him do what seems good to Him.” What Samuel told Eli was that his (Eli’s) house was cursed and nothing could atone for it. Eli’s sons had sinned greatly against the Lord and judgment was about to come down on them and Eli. I Samuel 3:18 was his response. He submitted to the Lord meekly because God does what is truly best in all situations.

Meekness comes from a spiritually poor person and one who mourns over his own sins and the sins of others. It comes from a heart that loves God’s glory more than all other things, even one’s own honor and name. This meekness comes when one loves the glory of God through the welfare of another person more than obtaining revenge and returning evil for evil. We see this so clearly in the following text: “Bless those who persecute you; bless and do not curse. 15 Rejoice with those who rejoice, and weep with those who weep. 16 Be of the same mind toward one another; do not be haughty in mind, but associate with the lowly. Do not be wise in your own estimation. 17 Never pay back evil for evil to anyone. Respect what is right in the sight of all men. 18 If possible, so far as it depends on you, be at peace with all men. 19 Never take your own revenge, beloved, but leave room for the wrath of God, for it is written, “VENGEANCE IS MINE, I WILL REPAY,” says the Lord. 20 “BUT IF YOUR ENEMY IS HUNGRY, FEED HIM, AND IF HE IS THIRSTY, GIVE HIM A DRINK; FOR IN SO DOING YOU WILL HEAP BURNING COALS ON HIS HEAD.” 21 Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good” (Romans 12:14-21).

The text in the previous paragraph displays the true spirit or heart of meekness. The meek person returns blessings instead of curses to those that persecute him. The meek person does not pay back evil for evil but tries to be at peace with all men and that includes his enemies. The meek person is not wise in his own estimation because his own reason and heart would tell him to get even with the other person. The meek person never takes his own revenge but leaves room for the wrath of God. It is God’s work to carry out the work of vengeance and His alone. So the meek person is to feed his enemy and give him drink if he is thirsty. In doing this the meek person is not overcome by evil but overcomes evil with good. This text stands out with vivid clarity against the way of the world today. It teaches the way of love and meekness and not returning evil for evil. It shows that the biblical life can only be carried out by God working His life in the soul of man. It is truly a work of God in the human heart when a human being responds to insult and harm by love. That is meekness and its only real source is God Himself.

Meekness requires a broken heart and humility as it is this heart that the Spirit works in. A proud heart is not the heart that receives the work of the Spirit in working the character of God in the soul. A proud heart wants to do things by self for the sake of self. A proud heart is too concerned about his own honor and reputation to have true meekness. So the heart that has the work of the Spirit must be a humble heart and a heart that is broken from selfishness and self-love. In other words, it is a heart that is poor in spirit. It does not have any righteousness of its own to defend and has been broken from its selfishness and self-love. It is empty of self and so pliable to the work of the Spirit in working the character of Christ in the heart. This is the soul that is more concerned with the glory of God than what happens to self. This is the soul that has stopped caring about self-righteousness in the sight of others and is now concerned that the life and glory of God would be expressed through it.

As long as the churches remain full of the psychology of the world whether in the name of Christ or not, it will stress self-esteem over Christ-esteem. People in the churches will remain sensitive about how they feel about things rather than sensitive to the love and glory of God. As long as people focus on themselves rather than the glory of God, true meekness and poverty of spirit will be lost. When people take pride in their humility rather than a humility hating their pride, meekness will not be seen. In other words, the churches will be more interested in programs and self-fulfillment than they will be in expressing the love of God that comes in hard things and times. The churches will be more interested in a form of love that is showy and makes them feel good rather than a true love that is expressed in the midst of suffering and sometimes even the love is met with disdain by those who see it. The churches must repent of the thinking of the world that has come into it even though it has been baptized by a few verses and big names. True love as expressed in meekness is not glamorous and showy. But it is true love and it is true love that sets the disciples of Jesus apart from those that think they are.

Edwards 44 & 45, Part 7

January 25, 2007

“Resolved, that no other end but religion shall have any influence at all on any of my actions; and that no action shall be, in the least circumstance, any otherwise than the religious end will carry it.” (Resolution 44)

“Resolved, never to allow any pleasure or grief, joy or sorrow, nor any affection at all, nor any degree of affection, nor any circumstance relating to it, but what helps religion.” (Resolution 45)

While these resolutions of Edwards are probably thought by many to be excessive, over the top, legalistic, too hard, and many other things like that, they are also extremely practical in the Christian life. As an example we can imagine a married couple having a disagreement. One person in the couple says something that is not conducive to a proper discussion. What is to guide the response of the other person? What is these resolutions guided the response, though not as authoritative in themselves but as an expression of the Greatest Commandment? The spouse would then respond differently than if the Greatest Commandment was not expressed this way. If anger began to arise within the heart, the person could remember that no other goal than love for God and His glory should have any influence on his or her response. Personal revenge or an expression of self-centeredness would not be an option, but only that which would be a true expression of the love of God.

The inner person would need to be checked as well in the response of the spouse as well. The response should not be guided and directed by sorrow or anger, but should rather be decided by an affection of love toward God and the spouse. A true affection toward God and the spouse would be far different if the inner soul began to rise with anger or frustration. Imagine the difference in marital discussions in believing marriages if people would understand that their inner responses should be in accordance to the love of God and not necessarily in accordance to what another person has said. If the battle could be recognized as beginning in the stirrings of the heart and the front lines of the war start there and even start quickly, the sins of anger, bitterness, and outbursts of anger would be controlled a lot more. Instead of responding in anger to many statements, a spouse could calmly and with love ask about the motives of the other and what was really meant. Love requires that the other person be understood rather than the motives and intents be judged as bad. All of this can really be applied to the workplace and virtually any other relationship.

On the other side of the issue, however, might be the feeling of pleasure or the affection of joy in taking revenge or getting the spouse back. One can take pleasure in a form of revenge. That feeling or desire must not be translated into action and even more, it must not be consented to but instead to be rejected with abhorrence. No one that is bought and owned by Christ is to let a sin take control of any moment. This is not teaching a form pf perfectionism, it is simply teaching that we are to war with sin. Our battle is not with flesh and blood (Eph 6), but with spiritual things. Some of this goes on within the inner man. If we do not learn how to fight a spiritual battle, we will constantly be defeated in that battle.

The objection that this is impossible is sure to be raised in the minds of man. However, we must remember that nothing is impossible with God. If we are driven by selfish and self-centered motives, then the above scenario is impossible. But we must remember that we are to be driven by the love of God and not by selfish motives and drives. We are told by many so-called experts that we cannot control the feelings and emotions. That may be right, but we must know that God can. We must also recognize that God uses means to do this. When feelings start in us, instead of going to battle against them with anger and ferocity, we must learn to battle them with prayer and Scripture. This is also a battle that belongs to the Lord. This is not a battle that we can win alone, so we must cry out to God to replace the feelings when they begin to arise within us. We should close our mouths when in a discussion and simply pray that the Lord would fill us with love for the other person and that instead of responding from a self-centered heart, we would respond in a way that is love for God and for the other person. The Scripture is the sword of the Spirit and faith is the shield. Paul tells us in Galatians 5:6 that faith works through love. Faith is a shield but it works through love in this instance. Our minds and hearts must be set on doing all to the glory of God and that includes all my feelings as well. In fact, virtually all of our spiritual battles are won or lost in the realm of the heart in the first seconds of the battle. Let us learn to fight that battle with prayer from the start so that we will end in love rather than in anger or frustration. That is to the glory of God.

Edwards 44 & 45, Part 6

January 23, 2007

“Resolved, that no other end but religion shall have any influence at all on any of my actions; and that no action shall be, in the least circumstance, any otherwise than the religious end will carry it.” (Resolution 44)

“Resolved, never to allow any pleasure or grief, joy or sorrow, nor any affection at all, nor any degree of affection, nor any circumstance relating to it, but what helps religion.” (Resolution 45)

To many people grace is what allows people to sin and for them to go to heaven anyway. The truth of the matter is that it is grace that moves people to true holiness. Anytime a person uses the concept of grace as an excuse for sin, that person does not understand grace. People might shake their heads at these resolutions of Edwards and think that he has gotten legalistic and has fallen from grace, but what they don’t understand is that to have affections like this is grace and it takes grace to keep these resolutions at all.

The real problem is that people don’t understand the depravity and helplessness of man and as such real grace and love. Human beings cannot make resolutions like these in truth if they are going to depend on self effort. So those that do not understand depravity and grace see arrogance in Edwards for making such resolutions. But Edwards understood his depravity and also grace. It is only when one understands depravity and grace that s/he can make resolutions like this in truth. In other words, people who see themselves as helpless in doing one good thing and yet trust in the love and grace of God in them can make resolutions like this in total trust in God.

People also do not understand that they can have religions affections and loves and those not really be the work of God in the soul. Those are from themselves and selfish interests. It is not that Edwards believed that the positive affections and loves that had to be exercised in order to keep these resolutions were from him and under his control, but he knew that these were from God. He knew that any real love and joy that were exercised in him would be from the power of God in his soul. The only people that love are those that are born of God and know Him (I John 4:7-9). God is the only source of true love and so any and all true love must come from His throne mediated by Christ. That is why Christ prayed like He did: “and I have made Your name known to them, and will make it known, so that the love with which You loved Me may be in them, and I in them” (John 17:26). The love which dwelt in Christ He prayed would dwell in the disciples. So the love that is in believers is not from them, it is from God.

It is very important to realize that God did not make human beings in order to live good lives on earth. He made man in His own image and man’s purpose in life is to glorify Him and enjoy Him forever. Man’s duty and privilege is to manifest the glory of God by the life of God living in and then through that person. If man has affections and loves that come from himself, then those do not glorify God but man. But if man is the image and temple of God and God shines for the His glory in and through man, then it is God that is being glorified.

Edwards’ resolutions show the understanding that God made man to glorify Himself and part of man that God glorifies Himself through is the affections and loves of man. If we have that understanding, which Edwards actually writes about in other places, then we can see that these resolutions are made so that the glory of God would shine in and through Edwards. The resolutions reflect the idea that his whole being is made to manifest God and not himself. So the affections and loves of self and for other ends must be put down and denied in order that the affections and loves of God would be worked in and through Edwards.

Man is utterly helpless in working up true love and affections. Even Jesus, in John 5, sets that out about Himself: Therefore Jesus answered and was saying to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, the Son can do nothing of Himself, unless it is something He sees the Father doing; for whatever the Father does, these things the Son also does in like manner” (v. 19). The resolutions, therefore, appear to be Edward seeing what the Father worked in people and so he wanted those in himself in a far greater way. He wanted to die to himself and his own affections and loves so that those of the Father would be worked in him. That is profound theology and practice. We need more people in our day that can see their utter helplessness in themselves and their own loves and affections so that they will look to God for true loves and affections to be worked in and through them to His glory and His glory alone.

Edwards 44 & 45, Part 5

January 21, 2007

“Resolved, that no other end but religion shall have any influence at all on any of my actions; and that no action shall be, in the least circumstance, any otherwise than the religious end will carry it.” (Resolution 44)

“Resolved, never to allow any pleasure or grief, joy or sorrow, nor any affection at all, nor any degree of affection, nor any circumstance relating to it, but what helps religion.” (Resolution 45)

In light of the New Covenant, does a believer have any right to his or her own heart and affections? In the previous blog I asserted that the believer does not. If what I am saying, based on Scripture, that the believer has no right to his heart and affections, then why don’t we see the teachings and practice of this very much if at all? Why do professing believers seem to think that they are doing God a favor if they love Him? Why do people seem to think that they are doing a good work if they love God? Why do people think that any good work at all earns some merit before God? It is because they do not understand their real obligations to God.

For Edwards to make the resolutions that he did (44 & 45) shows a deep understanding of the human heart. He knows that the human heart is so inclined to go after sinful things and even outwardly good things. He knew that he had to make a covenant with God over these things. The covenant with God, in other words, was a complete surrender of his inward and outward being to God. A complete surrender to God demonstrates and sets out the rights of God in and over all things. A person that thinks that good works are a favor to good understands virtually nothing of the nature of sin and of God. Good works do not flow from a sinful heart; they can only flow from a heart that has submitted to God. The natural man cannot do one good thing at all because whatever he does flows from a heart that has not submitted to God (Genesis 6:5).

Why do people think that works earn merit or the favor of God? Simply because they don’t understand that they owe God complete perfection to begin with. “Which of you, having a slave plowing or tending sheep, will say to him when he has come in from the field, ‘Come immediately and sit down to eat’? 8 “But will he not say to him, ‘Prepare something for me to eat, and properly clothe yourself and serve me while I eat and drink; and afterward you may eat and drink ‘? 9 “He does not thank the slave because he did the things which were commanded, does he? 10 “So you too, when you do all the things which are commanded you, say, ‘We are unworthy slaves; we have done only that which we ought to have done'” (Luke 17:7-10). In other words, we owe God complete and utter submission and obedience. The fact that we don’t give complete and utter submission and obedience every moment of our lives shows our depravity. When people think that they have done something that earns mercy of favor from God, they simply don’t grasp the fact that all of their previous acts were sinful. In fact, if their so-called good act did not come from good motives and love for God it was not only far from meritorious, it was a very sinful act.

The resolutions of Jonathan Edwards do not demonstrate a man wanting to obtain merit with God because of what he was doing, but rather demonstrated that he understood the true nature of sin and of grace. Edwards knew that all of his good works were as filthy rags before God without a proper heart. He knew that his motives and intents must be right before God. He knew that to flee from sin in reality is to flee from the sin in the heart as well. He also knew that God rightfully owned him and that all of his affections belonged to God. It was not that Edwards was making some great resolutions to God that went beyond what the average person is supposed to do, but he was simply setting out what every person should do every moment of his or her life.

This point needs to be stressed over and over. Edwards is not setting out some super high standard of holiness and obedience to God, he is simply setting out the standard for everybody. The problem is that people have lowered the standards so many times that the real standard seems unreal. God has never lowered His standards from a complete and total obedience from the heart, but man has and does. The standards that Edwards gives us in his resolutions are not too high, but if anything don’t set out the truth of God’s standards in their blazing perfection of holiness. Our thoughts of God are far too low and so our understandings of submission to God and holiness from the heart are too. Even if we were able to follow these resolutions perfectly, it would simply be what we owe God as His creatures. They would earn no merit or favor with Him at all.

Beatitudes 12: The Meek 2

January 19, 2007

“Blessed are the gentle, for they shall inherit the earth” (Matthew 5:5)

Last week we continued our study of the Beatitudes by starting on the issue of meekness. The essence of meekness is absorbing a wrong or wrongs from others and returning good for it. It is not just the actions, it is of the heart, Poorness of spirit (first beatitude) is seen when we see our own sin and are convicted of our own lack of righteousness before God and so we pronounce names on ourselves. Meekness is seen when other people call us names or wrong us. We respond to our own lack of righteousness and sin by mourning before God because our sin is against God. In the same way when we respond with meekness to the sin of others (even when it wrongs us) without wanting to get revenge but by mourning for their sin because it is also sin against God.

Meekness is not something that a natural man is capable of, but it is something that belongs to the spiritual person because this is the life of Christ being worked into and then through His people. This is not being wimpy and weak; it is actually the power of God in a person. It is not just outward niceness or weakness of personality; it is the life of God through Christ being worked in and through a person. In other words, instead of responding with anger and malice, meekness responds with true love. In that sense meekness is love for those who mistreat us. Meekness is based in love for God and our neighbors. It is a fruit of the Spirit as opposed to the works of the flesh.

When attacked (real or perceived) with the words or actions of others, something will come out. What we are full of will come out. When attacked our self-love or our love for God will come out. Meekness bears injuries, forgives injuries, and returns good for injuries. It has no malice as that is mental murder. It is opposed to revenge and speaking evil. It prays for those who abuse us (Matt 5:44), feeds our enemies (Rom 12:20), returns blessing for evil (I Pet 3:9), and is the ornament of great beauty (I Pet 3:4 and Col 3:12). It is the opposite of self-will toward God and of ill-will toward men. Meekness is indeed a thing of beauty as it displays the loveliness of the character of Christ and as such it is not a work of man but is the work and life of God in the human soul.

For the rest of this newsletter we will focus on some biblical examples of true meekness. We can examine the actions of Noah during the time of building his boat (ark). The biblical accounts do not tell us exactly how long it took Noah to build the ark, but we have some dating from the text (see Genesis 5:32; 6:3; 7:6). It most likely took around 100-120 years for Noah to build the ark. Many believe that it had never rained before and so had never flooded. So while Noah was building the ark, he was most likely enduring persecution. But Noah is called “a preacher of righteousness” (II Peter 2:5). Noah is also in Hebrews 11and commended for his faith. Noah appeared to have responded to the mocking that he received by preaching righteousness. That is meekness.

We also have Moses who is called the most humble or meekest man on the earth (Numbers 12:3). In fact, he is perhaps one of the most striking examples of meekness on a continual basis. He prayed to God over and over when people grumbled against him (see Exodus 15:24 as an example). In another example of great humility and meekness the Israelites had sinned against God by making a golden calf and worshipping it. This was a great insult to Moses and his leadership, though primarily against God. God told Moses that He would make a great nation out of Moses and to let Him alone and He would destroy them. Moses responded to this by praying to God and for the sake of God’s great name he plead with God not to destroy them (Exodus 32:10-14). Moses responded to personal insult when the people did not obey his authority by praying to God for them. That is meekness.

We will skip other Old Testament figures like Abraham and his meekness toward Lot and David’s meekness toward Saul and move to the New Testament. Here we find a man named Stephen. His story, sermon, and martyrdom are all found in Acts 6:8-7:60. The text tells us that Stephen was a man that was full of grace and power (6:8). Some men from various places began to argue with him but were unable to cope with the wisdom and Spirit with which he was speaking (6:10). So they stirred up the people and the elders and brought him before the Council. Then they brought false charges of blasphemy against him. Stephen was given a chance to speak and he preached to them. He concluded with some pointed application: “You men who are stiff-necked and uncircumcised in heart and ears are always resisting the Holy Spirit; you are doing just as your fathers did. 52 “Which one of the prophets did your fathers not persecute? They killed those who had previously announced the coming of the Righteous One, whose betrayers and murderers you have now become; 53 you who received the law as ordained by angels, and yet did not keep it” (Acts 7:51-53).

At this point the men were cut deeply by his words and they began gnashing their teeth at him. Stephen, however, being full of the Holy Spirit saw the glory of God and Jesus at the right hand of God. When he saw that he told them what he saw which led them to cover their ears and rush him. They then took Stephen and drove him out of the city and began stoning him. So far we have Stephen doing nothing wrong, being lied about in court, and then taken out to be unjustly and illegally stoned. What was his response? “Then falling on his knees, he cried out with a loud voice, “Lord, do not hold this sin against them!” Having said this, he fell asleep” (Acts 7:60). Stephen prayed for those that persecuted him and were killing him. He is an example of true meekness.

We can look at another example of meekness in Paul. We should also remember that it was Paul’s feet that the witnesses laid their coats as they stoned Stephen. In other words, he was in on the stoning of Stephen (possibly the ringleader) and saw Stephen’s witness when he died. “Paul said this many years after his conversion: “To this present hour we are both hungry and thirsty, and are poorly clothed, and are roughly treated, and are homeless; 12 and we toil, working with our own hands; when we are reviled, we bless; when we are persecuted, we endure; 13 when we are slandered, we try to conciliate; we have become as the scum of the world, the dregs of all things, even until now. 14 I do not write these things to shame you, but to admonish you as my beloved children” ( I Cor 4:11-13). He did all this despite the beatings and scourgings that he had received. “Giving no cause for offense in anything, so that the ministry will not be discredited, 4 but in everything commending ourselves as servants of God, in much endurance, in afflictions, in hardships, in distresses, 5 in beatings, in imprisonments, in tumults, in labors, in sleeplessness, in hunger” (II Cor 6:3-5). Paul was meek in his persecutions because he did not want to give any cause for offense so that the ministry would not be discredited. He was an example of meekness.

The greatest example of meekness is that of Jesus. He demonstrated the quality of meekness. He was the zenith point of meekness, the great strength and spirituality of the heart. His was mildness, lowliness, a non-retaliating quality, and patience. He was these things even in the face of injustice. He had a heart that was able to rest quietly in the face of persecution and leave it all in the hands of God. He was able to pray for those that abused Him, even when they crucified Him. In fact, this is surely the example that Stephen followed when he was being stoned. He was being like Christ. He fed His enemies and those who hated Him. When Jesus fed the thousands He knew that in reality they hated Him and would turn from Him as soon as they saw who He really was. It is Christ who went to the cross and died for His enemies. All of these are the greatest examples of meekness that can be found.

“For you have been called for this purpose, since Christ also suffered for you, leaving you an example for you to follow in His steps, 22 WHO COMMITTED NO SIN, NOR WAS ANY DECEIT FOUND IN HIS MOUTH;
23 and while being reviled, He did not revile in return; while suffering, He uttered no threats, but kept entrusting Himself to Him who judges righteously” (I Peter 2:21-23).

“When they came to the place called The Skull, there they crucified Him and the criminals, one on the right and the other on the left. 34 But Jesus was saying, “Father, forgive them; for they do not know what they are doing.” And they cast lots, dividing up His garments among themselves. 35 And the people stood by, looking on. And even the rulers were sneering at Him, saying, “He saved others; let Him save Himself if this is the Christ of God, His Chosen One” (Luke 23:33-35).

“Your adornment must not be merely external– braiding the hair, and wearing gold jewelry, or putting on dresses; 4 but let it be the hidden person of the heart, with the imperishable quality of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is precious in the sight of God” (I Peter 3:3-4). This text tells us what a beautiful soul looks like. The context is that of wives, but the principle applies to all. After all, the great example of this is Christ. If Christ lives in us we will have some meekness and will be growing in it. To some degree meekness must be in the soul because it flows from a love for God and others. If there is no meekness, then Christ is not the life of that soul. Instead of being like the world in praising revenge, we should be like Christ in meekness. Only then will any soul be truly beautiful as it expresses and reflects the life and beauty of Christ in it.

Edwards 44 & 45, Part 4

January 19, 2007

“Resolved, that no other end but religion shall have any influence at all on any of my actions; and that no action shall be, in the least circumstance, any otherwise than the religious end will carry it.” (Resolution 44)

“Resolved, never to allow any pleasure or grief, joy or sorrow, nor any affection at all, nor any degree of affection, nor any circumstance relating to it, but what helps religion.” (Resolution 45)

These resolutions of Edwards are reminiscent of the covenants that people used to make with God in the Old Testament. These were covenants where all was turned over to God and a complete ownership was assigned to God in recognition of His absolute sovereignty. In II Chronicles 23 the priest made a covenant that was for all the people: “Then Jehoiada made a covenant between himself and all the people and the king, that they would be the LORD’S people” (v 16). Here we see that the covenant was between himself and all the people and the king. They covenanted that they would “the LORD’S people.” This is an all-encompassing covenant that includes all things. To be the LORD’s people is to be owned by Him with all that the people owned to be His as well. It was to be obedient to all that He commanded. It was, in other terms, a full surrender of all things to God.

It is also a term that is found in the New Covenant. “FOR THIS IS THE COVENANT THAT I WILL MAKE WITH THE HOUSE OF ISRAEL AFTER THOSE DAYS, SAYS THE LORD: I WILL PUT MY LAWS INTO THEIR MINDS, AND I WILL WRITE THEM ON THEIR HEARTS. AND I WILL BE THEIR GOD, AND THEY SHALL BE MY PEOPLE” (Hebrews 8:10). For all those in the New Covenant, God promises to be their God and that they shall be His people. What does it mean to be the people of God? Paul understood himself as a bond-slave to Christ and that he was owned by God (I Cor 6:19). How complete is this ownership? Does this include the heart and the affections of the heart? If we are owned by God, then without doubt the God who commands that His people are to love Him with all of their being includes the affections in His ownership. We can see that from the New Covenant promise in that He will write His law on their hearts. What else is that but love itself since the law is only kept by love?

Later on in the book of II Chronicles we see where Josiah made a covenant with God. “Then the king stood in his place and made a covenant before the LORD to walk after the LORD, and to keep His commandments and His testimonies and His statutes with all his heart and with all his soul, to perform the words of the covenant written in this book. 32 Moreover, he made all who were present in Jerusalem and Benjamin to stand with him. So the inhabitants of Jerusalem did according to the covenant of God, the God of their fathers” (II Chronicles 34:31-32). In that covenant Josiah covenanted before the LORD to keep His commandments, testimonies, and statutes with all of his heart and soul. That is in accordance with the Great Commandment. But we cannot imagine the king making a covenant with God to keep God’s laws with all of his being without covenanting to keep them with his entire heart which would include his affections, pleasures, joys, and sorrows.

One distinction between the Old and the New Covenants is that in the New Covenant (as seen above) God promises to work these things in the hearts of His people by writing them on their hearts. Edwards, clearly enough, was born in New Covenant times. But what we see in his resolutions, by implication, is that God has the right to all of his loves and all of his affections. In one sense Edwards sounds like Jehoida and Josiah in the covenants they made with God, but in another sense he sounds like he recognizes the truth that God owns his (Edwards’) affections and that the resolutions were simply Edwards’ commitment or covenant to use them for their rightful owner.

This is a true bowing from the total inward man and a submitting to the ownership, Lordship, and Kingship of Jesus Christ. God owns the affections and hearts of His people and He promises to write His laws of love in them. Edwards’ resolutions reflect the concept of covenanting with God and yet also reflect the submission of a heart that realizes it is owned by another and wants to use its faculties for Him and not self. If only people in our day would follow the example of Edwards and submit the whole heart to God His glory would shine far more brightly.

Annual Meeting this Saturday @ 10:00

January 18, 2007

The Spurgeon Baptist Association of Churches will have it’s annual meeting beginning at 10:00 a.m. on Saturday, January 20th, at Trinity Baptist Church in Wamego. All are welcome to attend.

Edwards 44 & 45, Part 3

January 17, 2007

“Resolved, that no other end but religion shall have any influence at all on any of my actions; and that no action shall be, in the least circumstance, any otherwise than the religious end will carry it.” (Resolution 44)

“Resolved, never to allow any pleasure or grief, joy or sorrow, nor any affection at all, nor any degree of affection, nor any circumstance relating to it, but what helps religion.” (Resolution 45)

The resolutions above, if practiced, demonstrate what true union with Christ is really all about. Believers speak of union with Christ in terms of justification, but not always in terms of sanctification and the spiritual life itself. The believer knows in general terms that s/he must be united to Christ by faith and as such is married to Christ and is considered in some way to be one. Since the believer is one with Christ, the believer can trust that all of his or her sins have been counted or reckoned as Christ’s. As the Husband all the debts have been transferred to Him and He has paid all of the debts. The Husband, in the union of the bride and Himself, gives the bride all the righteousness that she needs. So the debts of the believer are paid and then by imputation is given or reckoned a perfect righteousness which means that the believer is given a free gift of salvation and heaven all of grace.

We are encouraged to think of those things and rest completely in Christ for salvation, and that is true. But so many times we are told to go out and work hard because of that great salvation. But let us not forget that Christ is our sanctification as well. Sanctification comes by faith and in much the same was as justification did. Paul speaks of himself as having been crucified with Christ and the life which he now lived it was not himself but Christ in him (Gal 2:20). In Colossians Paul wrote to the people there and told them that their life was hidden in Christ and that Christ was their life (Col 3:1-4). We are told that the believer is the temple of God and of the Spirit as well. What do these things have to do with the Christian life? Are believers supposed to be saved and then God just lives in them for no reason exerting little to no power? Or could it be that this is how God brings believers to share in the divine life?

We must remember that the believer has the very joy of Christ in him of her (John 15:11). We must also remember that the believer is able to love because God is love and God dwells in the believer (I John 4:7-9). In the same light whatever the believer has in terms of Christ-likeness is from the Holy Spirit who works all of those things in His people (Galatians 5:22ff). Now, putting this together with the above resolutions of Edwards, we can see how this works in some way. Instead of Edwards just depending on himself to do all of the aspects of these resolutions, what he is really talking about is that all that he does and all that is worked in him by his affections he wants to be the work of the Holy Spirit in working the life of Christ in His people.

Edwards is not a man that trusts in his own efforts, but he fully recognizes the efforts that must be made through grace. The person that desires the strength of grace and the work of the Spirit does not take naps all the time and expect the Spirit to just work it in. No, the Spirit works through the spiritual practices of man and the Word. In order to work the fruits of the Spirit in us, the Spirit must sand off the rough edges of selfishness. The Spirit works through resolutions and the gradual weakening of self in man to exert more and more of the divine life in the soul.

Another way that the Spirit works in man is through prayer. So a resolution fits with this in that when we see the risings of affections like pleasure and sorrow that are not to the glory of God we should pray for the work of the Spirit in this. In bringing these things to our minds we are able to pray for the grace and strength of the Spirit to overcome them, but even more than overcoming them to thrust them out by the infusions of love and joy by the Spirit. It is when we see that self cannot overcome the negative things and self cannot work up the positive things that the believer dies to self and gives himself over to the work of the Spirit. I cannot believe from his other writings that Edwards thought he could do all this by self-effort. However, the resolutions were a great way for him to throw himself completely on the Spirit for the strength of joy to do what he resolved.

Edwards 44 & 45, Part 2

January 15, 2007

“Resolved, that no other end but religion shall have any influence at all on any of my actions; and that no action shall be, in the least circumstance, any otherwise than the religious end will carry it.” (Resolution 44)

“Resolved, never to allow any pleasure or grief, joy or sorrow, nor any affection at all, nor any degree of affection, nor any circumstance relating to it, but what helps religion.” (Resolution 45)

With resolutions like these the ties with many things in Scripture come to mind. The text from Romans 12:1-2 is tied in with this. “Therefore I urge you, brethren, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies a living and holy sacrifice, acceptable to God, which is your spiritual service of worship. 2 And do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind, so that you may prove what the will of God is, that which is good and acceptable and perfect.” In one sense these verses show what Edwards meant by resolutions 44 and 45. In another sense, both the verses in Romans 12 and the resolutions flow from the Greatest Commandment.

Romans 12:1 commands the readers to present their bodies as living sacrifices. A sacrifice was not necessarily something that was killed, it was something that was completely devoted to something or totally given over to something. So in the Old Testament an animal was sacrificed because it was devoted to that purpose. Now the bodies of believers are to be totally given over and devoted to living to and for the glory of God. This is pictured in resolution 44 where Edwards says that no other end or goal “but religion shall have any influence at all on any of my actions.” In other words, he saw his body as a living sacrifice. His resolution connects with this verse in that his body is seen as something to be totally given over to God in the sense that no action should be done but that which was for the goal of religion which for Edward was the glory of God.

The text goes on to say that this is “your spiritual service of worship.” If we looked at the opposite of what the verse means, which is to show what the extent of the verse, it would tell us that if we do not present our bodies as a living and holy sacrifice then we are not in worship of God. If it is true spiritual service of worship to present to God as a sacrifice our bodies, then it is a false and non-spiritual worship to say that we serve God if our bodies are not sacrificed in this manner to Him. Therefore, the 44th resolution of Edwards is not radical and over the top from the biblical perspective, it is just plain and simple Christianity. A believer’s body is to be given over and devoted to God as a holy (set apart for His use) sacrifice which is to say that it is to have no goal other than for religion purposes. For Edwards, a religious purpose was to love God with all of one’s being and that demanded that all the actions of the body be devoted to Him.

Romans 12:2 has some parallel thoughts with Edwards’ 45th resolution. This verse speaks of being transformed by the renewing of your mind. A person has to be in the process of renewing the mind not to allow any affections or pleasures and sorrows influence a decision away from doing it for the glory of God. This is a mind that is being renewed and is not being conformed to the world and its way of doing and thinking. This is a mind that if firmly set on the grace to be brought at the coming and revealing of Jesus Christ I Peter 1:13). This is a mind that desires to be holy as He is holy (I Peter 1:15-16).

The standard of holiness is as God and we know that God has no pleasures or sorrows that move Him but toward His own glory. In order to be holy as He is holy, that is, to be like God which is to share in His holiness (Heb 12:10) and to share in His divine nature (II Peter 1:4), is to be influenced in the realm of the affections as well for nothing but His glory. Man is to love God with all of his heart, mind, soul, and strength which is to be like God and the moral image of God. To do this all the aspects of man is to be like God. God exists in a perfectly blessed state which is to live in perfect love within His triune Being. All that the Father does is love for the Son and all that the Son does is love for the Father and all that the Spirit does is to be the love the flows between the Father and the Son. For man to share in the life of God is for man to be brought into the flow of love of God for and within Himself. This is a love and delight that is poured out in the heart of man by the Spirit (Rom 5:5). This is the joy of Christ which He puts in and works in us (John 15:11). If one wants to argue that these things which at the very least are the rivers of pleasure and delights that flow from the throne of God (Psa 36:8) do not influence the affections and holiness of man, let them argue with signposts. The matter is delightfully clear.